PMID:3283108

Citation	Kramer, GF, Baker, JC and Ames, BN (1988) Near-UV stress in Salmonella typhimurium: 4-thiouridine in tRNA, ppGpp, and ApppGpp as components of an adaptive response.J. Bacteriol. 170:2344-51
Abstract	We have examined the role of 4-thiouridine in the responses of Salmonella typhimurium to near-UV irradiation. Mutants lacking 4-thiouridine (nuv) and mutants defective in the synthesis of ppGpp (guanosine 5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate) (relA) were found to be sensitive to killing by near-UV. Near-UV induced the synthesis of a set of proteins that were not induced in the nuv mutant. Some of these proteins were identified as oxidative defense proteins, and others were identified as ppGpp-inducible proteins. Over 100-fold increases in ApppGpp (adenosine 5', 5"'-triphosphoguanosine-3"'-diphosphate, the adenylylated form of ppGpp) were observed in wild-type cells after near-UV irradiation but not in the 4-thiouridine-deficient mutant. These data support a model in which ppGpp and ApppGpp, a dinucleotide proposed to be synthesized by tRNA-aminoacyl synthetases as a response to the cross-linking of 4-thiouridine in tRNA by near-UV, induce the synthesis of proteins necessary for resistance to near-UV irradiation.
Links	PubMed
Keywords	Bacterial Proteins; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Genes, Bacterial; Guanine Nucleotides; Guanosine Tetraphosphate; Mutation; RNA, Transfer; Salmonella typhimurium; Thiouridine; Ultraviolet Rays
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